一：【问题描述】
centos8系统yum安装报错：Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'AppStream’的处理。
近期使用centos8yum安装发现使用不了，报错信息如下：
# yum 安装软件失败
[root@yangersaocom ~]# yum install -y lrzsz
CentOS-8 - AppStream 33 kB/s | 2.3 kB 00:00
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'AppStream':
- Status code: 404 for http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/8/AppStream/x86_64/os/repodata/repomd.xml (IP: 100.100.2.148)
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'AppStream': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried
二：【原因分析】:
提示的url地址明显是官方的，却报错了Status code: 404，根据这个关键词显然是地址失效了
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com 地址无法打开
去官方查看了一番，发现阿里云开发者社区又一篇公告：
https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/centos?spm=a2c6h.13651102.0.0.48b31b115C6PIW
通知：
CentOS 8操作系统版本结束了生命周期（EOL），Linux社区已不再维护该操作系统版本。建议您切换到Anolis或Alinux。如果您的业务过渡期仍需要使用CentOS 8系统中的一些安装包，请根据下文切换CentOS 8的源。
centos8（centos8官方源已下线，建议切换centos-vault源）
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
也就是说，新源是：
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
原来配置的centos8的官方源已经下线了,新的配置连接信息已经调整为上面的
三：解决方法
参考官方的配置方法
1、备份
# 进入yum.repos.d目录
[root@yangersaocom ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@yangersaocom yum.repos.d]# ls -l
total 56
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 635 Aug 24 2020 CentOS-AppStream.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 619 Aug 24 2020 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 701 Aug 24 2020 CentOS-centosplus.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1329 Aug 24 2020 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 668 Sep 16 2020 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 743 Sep 16 2020 CentOS-Devel.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 227 Aug 24 2020 CentOS-epel.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 663 Aug 24 2020 CentOS-Extras.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 242 Aug 24 2020 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 738 Sep 16 2020 CentOS-HA.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 928 Sep 16 2020 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 639 Aug 24 2020 CentOS-PowerTools.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1382 Sep 16 2020 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 74 Sep 16 2020 CentOS-Vault.repo
# 创建备份目录
[root@yangersaocom yum.repos.d]# mkdir bakup
# 将现有的repo文件mv至bakup目录下
[root@yangersaocom yum.repos.d]# mv *repo bakup/
2、下载新的 CentOS-Base.repo 到 /etc/yum.repos.d/
centos8（centos8官方源已下线，建议切换centos-vault源）
# 使用wget下载最新的repo,(如果是离线环境可以别处下载再上传至服务器)
[root@yangersaocom yum.repos.d]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
--2022-02-28 18:09:44-- https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 101.226.28.202, 101.226.28.199, 101.226.28.200, ...
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|101.226.28.202|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 2495 (2.4K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo’
/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo 100%[================================================================================================>] 2.44K --.-KB/s in 0s
2022-02-28 18:09:44 (59.0 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo’ saved [2495/2495]
[root@yangersaocom yum.repos.d]# ll
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 28 18:09 bakup
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2495 Feb 14 21:16 CentOS-Base.repo
3、 运行 yum makecache 生成缓存
# 运行 yum makecache 生成缓存
[root@yangersaocom yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
CentOS-8.5.2111 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com 1.9 MB/s | 4.6 MB 00:02
CentOS-8.5.2111 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com 363 kB/s | 10 kB 00:00
CentOS-8.5.2111 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com 1.9 MB/s | 8.4 MB 00:04
Metadata cache created.
[root@yangersaocom yum.repos.d]# ll
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 28 18:09 bakup
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2495 Feb 14 21:16 CentOS-Base.repo
4、重新使用yum验证，yum工具恢复正常
[root@yangersaocom yum.repos.d]# yum install -y lrzsz
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:29 ago on Mon 28 Feb 2022 06:10:04 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
=======================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
=======================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
lrzsz x86_64 0.12.20-43.el8 base 84 k
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 84 k
Installed size: 190 k
Downloading Packages:
lrzsz-0.12.20-43.el8.x86_64.rpm 735 kB/s | 84 kB 00:00
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 727 kB/s | 84 kB 00:00
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : lrzsz-0.12.20-43.el8.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: lrzsz-0.12.20-43.el8.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : lrzsz-0.12.20-43.el8.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
lrzsz-0.12.20-43.el8.x86_64
Complete!
[root@yangersaocom yum.repos.d]#
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